Bolesti drveta

Bolesti drveta vinove loze

vinogradarstvo zastita loze

Bolesti drveta (stabla, kraka) vinove loze  (Grapevine trunk diseases = GTD) se trenutno smatraju jednim od najrelevantnijih izazova za vinogradarstvo. Ove destruktivne bolesti svake godine uzrokuju u vinogradima više oštećenja i brzo se šire u svim zemljama koje proizvode vino. U 2006. godini, OIV je izdao rezoluciju o nekim osnovnim mjerama koje se koriste za sprečavanje ili ograničavanje širenja bolesti drveta (rješenje OIVVITI 2/2006). Tu su i manje reference u rezolucijama OST-a CST 1/2008 i CST2 / 2011.

Bolesti drveta

Nedavno se pojavila nova inicijativa unutar OIV grupe “zaštita vina i vinogradarska tehnika (PROTEC)”. Rezolucija se odnosi na razvoj i uticaj glavnih bolesti drveta. Ona se odnosi i njihove različite alternative u kontroli ili ublažavanju njihovog širenja i štete na međunarodnom planu kod kultivisane vrste (Vitis species).

Godišnje štete

Grapevine trunk diseases are considered the most destructive diseases of grapevine for the past three decades.  Diseases are of rapidly growing concern in all wine producing countries. The worldwide economic cost for the replacement of dead grapevines is roughly estimated to be in excess of 1.5 billion dollars per year (Hofstetter et al., 2012). Vine trunk diseases are very harmful for the sustainability of the winemaking heritage. Because the pathogens responsible for these diseases attack the long-lasting
organs, causing the death of vines on shorter or longer term. Esca, Eutypa and Botryosphaeria dieback are the leading players of these decay diseases. As well as mature vineyards being affected, those being planted as replacement can also be affected. Others like Petri disease or Black-foot disease (Campylocarpon, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Ilyonectria and Neonectria spp. ) are major diseases affecting young vineyards, reducing their productivity and longevity, thereby causing considerable
economic loss to the industry (Gramaje and Armengol, 2011). The general symptoms express themselves at the wood level through sectorial and/or central necrosis,
by the presence of brown streaking or cankers, and at the foliar level by discoloration and drying, which can occur suddenly (Larignon et al., 2009, Mugnai et al., 1999).
Izvor: http://www.oiv.int/  Objavljeno: OIV, 2016

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